Put the Most Important Work Where Your Body Performs Best: My Manual for Improving My Schedule and Using Time Well

A personal schedule-adjustment manual based on sleep, circadian rhythms, and energy levels, designed to place high-value tasks at the times best suited to them.

May 3, 2026 · 16 min · 3245 words · Andy SI
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How to Design an Excellent AI Agent: From Architectural Principles to Practical Patterns

This article presents a core design framework for excellent AI agent systems, covering Spec-Driven Development, a three-layer architecture, resolvers, the boundary between latent and deterministic work, diarization, and a self-improving learning loop, helping engineers move from autocomplete-tool thinking to AI-augmented software engineering.

May 2, 2026 · 20 min · 4066 words · Andy SI
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When an LLM's Inner State and Its Words Diverge: A Master Key to Understanding LLM Behavior

Using the bandwidth gap between hidden states and tokens, this article offers one explanation for LLM engineering phenomena such as Chain of Thought, prompt length, few-shot learning, personality drift, and hallucinations.

May 2, 2026 · 16 min · 3265 words · Andy SI
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A Core Skill in the Age of AI Coding Agents: Writing Effective Software Specs

Drawing on 2025–2026 practices in AI coding agents and Spec-Driven Development, this article systematically explains the definition, value, essential components, workflow, and common pitfalls of a Software Spec, and provides a practical template for tools such as Claude Code, Codex CLI, and Cursor.

April 9, 2026 · 19 min · 3891 words · Andy SI
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The Full Landscape of LLM Training: What Every AI Application Engineer Should Understand

A systematic tour of the entire LLM training pipeline—from data pipelines, scaling laws, system constraints, synthetic data, distillation, post-training, and evaluation systems to agent training—and how these mechanisms affect model selection, evaluation, and harness design for AI application engineers.

April 4, 2026 · 32 min · 6654 words · Andy SI
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Agent-Native Documentation Engineering: Designing Documentation for AI Coding Agent-Driven Development

Starting from how AI coding agents execute work, this article explains why agent-native documentation has evolved from reference material into infrastructure, defines the responsibilities and organization of AGENTS.md, PRD, Architecture, Spec, and Plan documents, and shows how Context Engineering and Spec-Driven Development can produce a context-efficient system that reliably directs agent behavior.

March 29, 2026 · 16 min · 3304 words · Andy SI
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How to Write Documentation for an AI Coding Agent

This article systematically reviews frontline experience from OpenAI, Anthropic, HumanLayer, and other teams documenting AI coding-agent projects. It explains why entry-point files, layered knowledge bases, state-tracking files, and local documentation directly affect Agent performance, and provides an actionable path from a minimum viable documentation system to continuous maintenance.

March 28, 2026 · 12 min · 2510 words · Andy SI
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The Agentic Evolution of LLMs: From Answering Questions to Working Autonomously

Begin with a Comparison You ask ChatGPT, “What is a KV cache?” The model answers, and the conversation ends. You tell Codex CLI, “Add a user-authentication module to this project, including tests.” The agent begins working autonomously: read the project structure → understand the existing code → plan the implementation → write authentication logic → write tests → run tests → observe a failure → fix it → get the tests passing → open a pull request. The process may span dozens of steps without requiring your intervention. The underlying LLM may be the same, but the behavior is entirely different. The first is the traditional use of an LLM. The second is an agentic use. This article explains the nature of that transition. It is more than a stronger model. It is a fundamental shift in the way the model is used, and that shift reshapes the entire engineering system around it. ...

March 28, 2026 · 9 min · 1850 words · Andy SI
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The Full Landscape of AI Agent Industry Standards: A Java Engineer's Perspective

The Landscape at a Glance If you are a Java backend engineer trying to understand the current standardization landscape for AI agents quickly, use the following correspondences: Communication/Configuration Type AI Agent Standard Java Analogy Originator Governing Body Adoption Status Agent ↔ tools/data MCP JDBC Anthropic AAIF (Linux Foundation) ✅ De facto standard Agent ↔ Agent A2A RMI / gRPC Google Linux Foundation ✅ Rapidly being adopted Project-rule configuration AGENTS.md application.yml OpenAI AAIF (Linux Foundation) ✅ De facto standard Reusable capability package SKILL.md Maven Plugin Anthropic agentskills.io (open standard) ✅ De facto standard Application framework Goose / Claude Agent SDK / ADK Spring Boot Various vendors Some governed by AAIF 🔶 Multiple competitors Microservice governance Harness Engineering system Spring Cloud — — 🔴 No standard Testing/evaluation Agent evaluation framework JUnit — — 🔴 No standard Code-quality governance Entropy management SonarQube — — 🔴 No standard The upper half marked ✅ has reached industry consensus or de facto standard status. The lower half marked 🔶 or 🔴 remains a frontier under exploration. This article primarily explains the complete picture of the upper half, then considers how the lower half may evolve. ...

March 28, 2026 · 14 min · 2849 words · Andy SI
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The Complete RAG Systems Guide: From Zero to Production

For developers learning AI application engineering, this article maps the complete RAG pipeline from ingestion, chunking, retrieval, reranking, and generation to evaluation and operations, and presents an evolution path from a minimal viable solution to production.

March 27, 2026 · 16 min · 3237 words · Andy SI
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